In this design we going to sketch solar charging controller where it control the charging of battery.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
- 12v Battery
- 1.5K Ohms Resistor
- 1K Ohms Resistor
- 1uF Capacitor
- 2N3907 NPN Transistor * 2
- diode
- load (12v LED strip , bulb or fan )
- 12v Solar Panel
SCHEMATIC:
WORKING:
In this design our main goal is to charge the battery when solar panel is radiated by daylight.
In above schematic all controlling part is done by 2 transistors and a diode, let suppose there is no radiation on Solar Panel, it cause no current on Base of Q1 transistor, due to Q1 is turned off and diode is in reverse biased( because at diode terminal 2 "cathode" is less energized then terminal 1 "anode " ), where as current from battery goes to 1.5k Resistor and Load(shown by blue wire), 1.5k Resistor voltage drop allow Base of Q2 to connect the load to ground (shorts collector to emitter) , hence load can utilize or drains battery.
know let say that solar panel is excited by sunlight which provides 12 volt straight, so current flows form panel to 1k Resistor and Diode (shown in green color), diode get forward biased and allow to charge battery, and Q1 transistor base switched to " ON state", where it provide ground at base of Q2 transistor, which switched Q2 to "OFF state", so load gets turned OFF and battery start to charge.
PROJECT:
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